Details on cystoscopy of the urinary bladder in men

Cystoscopy of the bladder in men is one of the most popular in urological practice procedures. This manipulation can be performed in both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Cystoscopy – visual examination of the bladder mucosa and urinary tract using a special optical device – a cystoscope.

Thanks cystoscopically study to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the bladder and urethra, to identify the beginning of the development of pathologies in them and to undertake a number of medical procedures without resorting to surgery.

The cystoscope is a device consisting of a long tube equipped with channels for the introduction into the cavity of the bladder various tools and medicinal substances. In addition, the cystoscope is equipped with a lighting system through which the image of the walls of the bladder and urethra is shown on the computer monitor. There are two types of cystoscopy:

• Hard – is the standard in urological practice.
• Flexible (fibrocystic) is made of flexible material, is less traumatic to the mucosa of the urinary tract, causing the patient less pain when injected into the urethra and causing less risk of complications.

When the procedure shown

Cystoscopy of the bladder and urethra is recommended when there are any signs of pathology of the urinary system. Cystoscopy in men in the following ways:

• Recurrent inflammations of the bladder, chronic cystitis.
• Urolithiasis.
• Urinary incontinence due to overactive bladder.
• Urination disorders of unclear origin.
• The presence of blood or pus in the urine.
• Chronic pain in the lumbar region.
• Bladder tumors.

It must be remembered that the conduct of cystoscopy of the bladder may be prescribed only by a physician who monitors the patient and provides treatment.

Contraindications to the study

Conducting cystoscopy of the bladder in men, is contraindicated in the following cases:

• Acute inflammation in the urethra.
• Acute cystitis.
• Acute inflammation of the prostate.
• Damage to the urethra or obstruction.
• Bleeding of unknown origin.
• Preceptions state.

How to prepare

Before you begin the procedure of cystoscopy, a man requires a certain preparation for it. It includes the followinghighlights:

• General and biochemical tests of urine for a more complete picture on the results of the study.
• Blood tests for blood coagulation.
• In some cases, x-ray diffraction study of the urethra.
• If cystoscopy will be carried out under General anesthesia, you should not eat for 8 hours before the procedure.
• Mandatory hygienic procedure before undergoing cystoscopy to prevent infection of the urinary tract from the outside.
• Shaving of the hair from the vulva and pubis to prevent possible penetration of hairs into the urethra with a cystoscope.

In addition, be sure to inform the doctor about medications – perhaps some of them can distort the overall picture and the results of the research or adversely affect the process of cystoscopy, increasing the risk of possible complications (eg, aspirin, analgesics, anti-inflammatory medications and anticoagulants).

Proper preparation for cystoscopy is a guarantee of a smooth procedure, obtain reliable results and prevent possible complications.

The technique of the

Cystoscopy of the bladder and urethra in men can be conducted in both outpatient and inpatient. Before to start, make sure to do anesthesia – General or local. General anesthesia is indicated for surgical procedures and medical manipulations. Often a cystoscopy is performed only under local anesthesia by injecting into the lumen of the urethra anesthetic drugs (lidocaine, novocaine, etc.). Recently has become popular the use of special gels that are injected into the urethra men with the aim of reducing its sensitivity during the study.

The patient is in a special chair lying on the back with a raised and splayed legs. After anesthesia of the urethra the cystoscope is carefully treated with glycerin – it will improve the slide of the instrument in the urethra without compromising visibility. The end of the tube introduced into the urethra and gently promote to the bladder. After the introduction of the cystoscope into the bladder to release urine from it, and then injected into the cavity solution of boric acid, or furatsilina with the purpose of washing and disinfection of its walls. The doctor further to improve the visibility enters into the cavity of the bladder fluid. When the bladder is filled and the patient will feel the urge to urinate, the doctor discontinues the introduction of fluid and starts the inspection.

Sometimes zitostaticescoe examination of the bladder in men, combined with homocysteinemia. In this casethe patient intravenously injected solution of contrast dye, making it possible to evaluate the functional state of the ureter. The duration of cystoscopy of the bladder men often do not exceed 20-30 minutes, however, during any medical manipulations study time sometimes is extended to 1-2 hours. If you have used local anesthesia, immediately after cystoscopy, the patient can go home after General anesthesia must remain in the hospital for another 2-3 hours.

Possible complications

Due to the complexity and invasiveness of the procedure in some cases after cystoscopy the bladder in men, possible phenomena such as:

• Burning sensation in the urethra.
• The production of small amounts of blood in the urine.
• Pain in the pelvic region.

After 2-3 days after a cystoscopy, these phenomena must pass themselves. If men are not strong enough immunity, the procedure was carried out carelessly or awkwardly can develop the following complications:

• Inflammation in the bladder or urethra by reason of the inclusion in them of the infection.
• Burning sensation, pain when urinating.
• Hematuria due to hemorrhage in the bladder or in the urethra.
• Violation of potency and erection.

In case of severe pain in the abdomen or a sharp increase in body temperature, immediately consult a doctor for medical assistance. Cystoscopy of the bladder in men, conducted by an experienced urologist. The procedure can take place in public clinics and private health institutions. The price of conducting cystoscopy in men varies widely and depends largely on the geographical location of the area, as well as the forms of ownership of medical institutions.

Table 1. Rough prices on cystoscopy of the urinary bladder in men in the Russian cities

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The city	The name of the clinic	Price, RUB.
Moscow	"Dobromed"Diagnostic center M. Volga, Krasnodonskaya, d. 13/2 +7 (495) 241-88-91	7000
	Atlas Multidisciplinary medical center Kutuzov prospect, 34/14 +7 (495) 241-88-91	9000
Saint Petersburg	"Grunge"Multidisciplinary medical center Marata street 25 A +7 (812) 363-00-63	2800
	"Patrocinio"Multidisciplinary medical center Furshtatskaya str., 47 + 8 (812) 320-76-00	5000
Novosibirsk	"Panacea"Multidisciplinary medical center Druzhby, d. 5 +7(383) 30-10-400
Rostov-on-don	Alfa-Health Center multi-field clinic ul 154 And + 7(863) 307-52-52	2969
Kazan	"Remedy"Multidisciplinary medical center Pobedy, d. 132 +8 (843) 258-00-99	1900

If you have appointed a cystoscopy, don't worry ‒ complications after this procedure are very rare and are the exception rather than the rule. Come seriously to the choice of clinic and doctor and be healthy!